Java 是企业级后端的主流语言。 本文覆盖在 Java 和 Spring Boot 项目中 接入 Anthropic Claude API 的完整方法。
安装（Maven）
xml
<dependency>
<groupId>com.anthropic</groupId>
<artifactId>sdk</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>Gradle：
gradle
implementation 'com.anthropic:sdk:1.0.0'基础调用
java
import com.anthropic.client.AnthropicClient;
import com.anthropic.client.okhttp.AnthropicOkHttpClient;
import com.anthropic.models.messages.*;
public class ClaudeExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnthropicClient client = AnthropicOkHttpClient.builder()
.apiKey(System.getenv("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"))
.build();
Message message = client.messages().create(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_SONNET_4_5)
.maxTokens(1024)
.addUserMessage("帮我写一个 Java 线程池最佳实践示例")
.build()
);
// 获取文本内容
message.content().stream()
.filter(block -> block.type() == ContentBlock.Type.TEXT)
.forEach(block -> System.out.println(block.text().get()));
}
}流式输出
java
try (MessageStream stream = client.messages().stream(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_SONNET_4_5)
.maxTokens(2048)
.addUserMessage("详细解释 Java 虚拟线程（Project Loom）的原理")
.build()
)) {
stream.on(MessageStreamEvent.class, event -> {
if (event instanceof ContentBlockDeltaEvent delta) {
if (delta.delta().type() == ContentBlockDelta.Type.TEXT_DELTA) {
System.out.print(delta.delta().text().get());
}
}
});
// 等待流完成
stream.finalMessage();
}Spring Boot 集成
java
// ClaudeConfig.java
@Configuration
public class ClaudeConfig {
@Value("${anthropic.api-key}")
private String apiKey;
@Bean
public AnthropicClient anthropicClient() {
return AnthropicOkHttpClient.builder()
.apiKey(apiKey)
.build();
}
}
// ClaudeService.java
@Service
public class ClaudeService {
private final AnthropicClient client;
public ClaudeService(AnthropicClient client) {
this.client = client;
}
public String chat(String userMessage) {
Message response = client.messages().create(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_SONNET_4_5)
.maxTokens(1024)
.addSystemMessage("你是一个专业的技术助手，使用中文回复。")
.addUserMessage(userMessage)
.build()
);
return response.content().stream()
.filter(b -> b.type() == ContentBlock.Type.TEXT)
.findFirst()
.map(b -> b.text().get())
.orElse("");
}
}
// ClaudeController.java（REST API 接口）
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/chat")
public class ClaudeController {
private final ClaudeService claudeService;
@PostMapping
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> chat(@RequestBody Map<String, String> req) {
String reply = claudeService.chat(req.get("message"));
return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of("reply", reply));
}
}application.properties：
properties
anthropic.api-key=${ANTHROPIC_API_KEY}多轮对话状态管理
java
@Service
@Scope("prototype")
public class ChatSession {
private final AnthropicClient client;
private final List<MessageParam> history = new ArrayList<>();
public String chat(String userMessage) {
history.add(MessageParam.builder()
.role(MessageParam.Role.USER)
.content(userMessage)
.build());
Message response = client.messages().create(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_SONNET_4_5)
.maxTokens(2048)
.messages(history)
.build()
);
String assistantReply = response.content().get(0).text().get();
history.add(MessageParam.builder()
.role(MessageParam.Role.ASSISTANT)
.content(assistantReply)
.build());
return assistantReply;
}
public void clearHistory() { history.clear(); }
}异步调用（CompletableFuture）
java
public CompletableFuture<String> chatAsync(String message) {
return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
Message response = client.messages().create(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_HAIKU_4_5) // Haiku 速度更快
.maxTokens(512)
.addUserMessage(message)
.build()
);
return response.content().get(0).text().get();
});
}
// 批量并发调用
public List<String> batchChat(List<String> messages) throws Exception {
List<CompletableFuture<String>> futures = messages.stream()
.map(this::chatAsync)
.toList();
return CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[0]))
.thenApply(v -> futures.stream().map(CompletableFuture::join).toList())
.get(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}Spring WebFlux 流式 SSE 接口
java
@GetMapping(value = "/stream", produces = MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM_VALUE)
public Flux<String> streamChat(@RequestParam String message) {
return Flux.create(emitter -> {
try (MessageStream stream = client.messages().stream(
MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_SONNET_4_5)
.maxTokens(2048)
.addUserMessage(message)
.build()
)) {
stream.on(ContentBlockDeltaEvent.class, event -> {
event.delta().text().ifPresent(emitter::next);
});
stream.finalMessage();
emitter.complete();
} catch (Exception e) {
emitter.error(e);
}
});
}来源：Anthropic Claude API 文档 - docs.anthropic.com/en/api